大學學測將於114年1月18日至1月20日舉行，對於現任高二生而言，現在正是提前布局、掌握題型的好時機。其中，「綜合測驗」與「篇章結構」題組較著重語法概念與句型應用，特別是時態、關係子句、假設語氣與轉承語的判斷，對語感與邏輯理解力要求較高。對於理工生來說，需要系統化的表格，幫助他理解複雜的文法，我針對高頻語法結構與解題邏輯進行統整，希望對考生有幫助。
學測英語試題攻略
|
大題 |
題型說明 |
如何準備（通用） |
|---|---|---|
|
一、詞彙題（10題） |
考常見形容詞、動詞、名詞，需理解搭配詞與語境。 |
多看閱讀文章累積語感。整理高頻單字、同義字、搭配詞（如stand the test of time），可搭配Quizlet等工具反覆測驗。 |
|
二、綜合測驗（2篇共10題） |
考文法、句構與語意脈絡的連貫。需選出最合邏輯或文法正確的選項。 |
熟悉文法（動詞時態、關係代名詞、介系詞）與語意連貫邏輯。透過精讀短文段落並練習句子重組，有助提升語感。 |
|
三、文意選填（10題） |
考語意邏輯與詞性判斷能力，選項為字詞（名詞、形容詞、動詞等）。 |
訓練詞性辨識、語意推理與文脈推測能力。建議多讀真實英語素材（如CNN、National Geographic）擴大字彙理解。 |
|
四、篇章結構（4題） |
考段落順序與上下文邏輯，須選出最合適的句子填入空格。 |
需練習找段落主題句、轉折語（however, for example, thus）等關鍵訊號詞。建議做題時先看空格上下句的語意關係再選。 |
|
五、閱讀測驗（12題） |
考資訊擷取、推論、主旨大意、細節理解。多樣題型與主題。 |
每週練習1~2篇不同主題的閱讀，並學習如何找關鍵句（topic sentence）、同義替換、轉折語。可建立「主旨句庫」協助理解段落功能。 |
|
六、混合題（4題） |
結合閱讀＋語意判斷，有字詞填空、細節選擇與簡答。 |
熟練資訊整合與重組。建議練習將段落資訊整理成概念圖（mind map），幫助理解整體脈絡與細節。 |
|
七、非選擇題（翻譯、作文） |
考語言組織、語法運用與內容連貫能力。 |
翻譯練習可從歷屆試題入手，作文可用圖文寫作練習邏輯架構（問題、原因、解法、結論），學習使用轉折語、連接詞、句型變化。 |
篇章結構的解題技巧 (八分)
- 抓出段落主題句與核心功能：每段在做什麼？是在定義、補充、舉例、轉折還是評論？
- 注意轉承語：像「Today」「Instead of」「Also」「While」都是很強的段落開頭線索。
- 補充式內容需與前句有邏輯承接：例如空間結構要接空間描寫、發展趨勢要接發展歷程。
✅ 認識 5 種句子邏輯關係
|
類型 |
說明 |
代表詞/句型 |
例句（重點畫線） |
|---|---|---|---|
|
因果 |
說明原因或結果 |
because, since, as, so, thus, therefore, as a result |
He was injured. Therefore, he couldn’t finish the race. |
|
轉折 |
前後句有衝突或例外 |
but, however, yet, although, nevertheless, on the other hand |
Most people rested. However, he kept working. |
|
舉例 |
提供實例支撐主張 |
for example, for instance, such as, to illustrate |
For example, people in cold countries often eat more fat. |
|
遞進 |
補充、加強原有內容 |
moreover, besides, in addition, furthermore |
He’s kind. Moreover, he’s generous. |
|
時間/順序 |
描述事情發展順序 |
first, then, later, finally, subsequently, eventually |
Eventually, the rain stopped. |
✅ 熟記常見主題句型與轉承語
|
類型 |
判斷提示 |
主題句訊號詞或句型 |
|---|---|---|
|
總結式主題句 |
在段尾，統整上方內容 |
This shows that... / In conclusion, / As a result... |
|
開頭式主題句 |
在段首，後面補充說明 |
One major reason is... / A key idea is that... |
|
轉折主題句 |
使用轉折語，帶出新焦點 |
However, / On the other hand, / Despite this... |
|
因果主題句 |
帶出原因或結果概念 |
This is because... / As a result of... |
✅ 學會找段落主題句與訊號詞 : 請將以下句子依邏輯順序排列（例題）：
- For example, coffee beans need a dry, cool climate to grow.
- Climate plays an important role in agriculture.
- Therefore, global warming may reduce crop yields.
- Different crops thrive in different temperatures.
✅ 建立「句與句」之間的連結邏輯
|
子句類型 |
功能 |
常見句型 |
|---|---|---|
|
限定用法 |
限定前面的名詞 |
The man who came yesterday is my uncle. |
|
非限定用法 |
附加說明（常放句中或句尾） |
My uncle, who is a doctor, lives in Tokyo. |
|
連接地點 |
where |
This is the place where I met her. |
|
連接時間 |
when |
That was the year when he graduated. |
|
關係代名詞當受詞 |
whom / which |
The book which I read was fascinating. |
非限定用法常提供背景資訊或例證，可能是提示該句子非主題句。
若句中出現「which + 整句子」可當作對前句的補充或評論句式
綜合測驗｜文法與語意邏輯整合 (10分: 克漏字)
✦ 目標：強化時態、假設語氣、關係詞與介系詞判斷，提升句構與語意邏輯解題能力
① 全英文時態時線整理表（共12種）
|
時態 |
結構 |
用法說明 |
例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
現在簡單 |
V / V-s |
習慣事實、規律 |
She goes to school. |
|
現在進行 |
am/is/are + V-ing |
現在正在發生 |
She is going to school. |
|
現在完成 |
have/has + p.p. |
從過去延續到現在 |
She has gone to school. |
|
現在完成進行 |
have/has been + V-ing |
表示持續到現在的行為 |
She has been going to school. |
|
過去簡單 |
V-ed |
過去某時間發生 |
She went to school. |
|
過去進行 |
was/were + V-ing |
過去某時正在做 |
She was going to school. |
|
過去完成 |
had + p.p. |
過去另一個動作之前發生 |
She had gone to school before 8. |
|
未來簡單 |
will + V |
表未來將發生 |
She will go to school. |
|
未來進行 |
will be + V-ing |
未來某時正在進行中 |
She will be going to school. |
|
未來完成 |
will have + p.p. |
未來某時之前完成 |
She will have gone by 8. |
|
被動語態 |
be + p.p. |
受詞變主詞 |
The book was written by her. |
|
省略 to |
make/let/have + VR |
使役用法 |
She made me cry. |
② 假設語氣三階段對照表
|
類型 |
條件子句 |
結果子句 |
用法舉例 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
與現在相反 |
if + 過去式 |
would/could/might + VR |
If I had time, I would help. |
|
與過去相反 |
if + had + p.p. |
would/could/might + have + p.p. |
If I had studied, I would have passed. |
|
與未來相反（不太可能） |
if + should + VR / were to + VR |
would/could/might + VR |
If it should rain, we would cancel. |
③ 關係代名詞與子句整理表
|
類型 |
關係詞 |
代表 |
用法舉例 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
限定用法 |
who |
人（主格） |
The boy who is singing is Tom. |
|
限定用法 |
whom |
人（受格） |
The girl whom I met is Lisa. |
|
限定用法 |
which |
物 |
The book which I bought is useful. |
|
限定用法 |
that |
人或物（非正式） |
The bag that I lost was red. |
|
所有格 |
whose |
人（表擁有） |
The man whose car broke down is my neighbor. |
|
限定地方/時間 |
where / when |
地點 / 時間 |
That is the place where I was born. |
|
連接整句 |
which |
指代前整句 |
She was late, which made me angry. |
④ 常見介系詞＋常搭配字（動詞/名詞/片語）
|
介系詞 |
搭配動詞/片語 |
意義與例句 |
|---|---|---|
|
to |
look forward to / be used to / contribute to |
I look forward to meeting you. |
|
in |
take part in / believe in / result in |
His actions resulted in failure. |
|
on |
focus on / insist on / depend on |
The project depends on the budget. |
|
with |
cope with / deal with / filled with |
She coped with the pressure well. |
|
of |
take care of / be proud of / instead of |
I'm proud of you. |
|
by |
be surprised by / increase by / judged by |
Prices increased by 10%. |
|
at |
succeed at / aim at / be good at |
He's good at coding. |
|
for |
apply for / be responsible for |
She applied for a visa. |
|
from |
suffer from / benefit from |
They suffer from stress. |
⑤ 常見固定片語
|
片語 |
意義 |
例句 |
|---|---|---|
|
in terms of |
就…而言 |
In terms of speed, this is better. |
|
be capable of |
能夠做… |
He is capable of leading the team. |
|
as a result |
結果 |
She forgot. As a result, she failed. |
|
on the contrary |
相反地 |
He is not lazy. On the contrary, he works hard. |
|
regardless of |
不管 |
Regardless of the cost, we’ll go. |
|
due to / because of |
因為 |
The game was canceled due to rain. |
|
in charge of |
負責 |
I'm in charge of the project. |
師大 大師 (16)