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Section 1 - Coordinators

• Definition: Words that connect independent clauses to show cause-and-effect relationships.
• Examples:
  • "For" : "The car wouldn't start, for the battery was dead."
  • "Because"
  • "Since"
  • "As"
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•  PRACTICE

• Complete the sentences by choosing the appropriate coordinator. Fill in the blanks with the correct option to complete the sentence.

• The car wouldn't start, ________ the battery was dead.

• She missed the bus, ________ she overslept.

• The team lost the match, ________ they lacked proper coordination.

• The project was delayed, ________ several team members were absent.

• He excelled in the exam, ________ he had diligently prepared for weeks.

Section 2 - Subordinators

• Definition: Words that introduce dependent clauses to express cause.
• Examples:
  • "Because"
  • "Since"
  • "As"
  • "Due to"
  • "Because of" : "The event was canceled because of heavy rain in the forecast."
  •  
•  PRACTICE

• Identify the correct subordinator to complete each sentence.

• The event was canceled ________ of heavy rain in the forecast.

• They succeeded ________ they worked together as a team.

• The company faced financial difficulties ________ the economic downturn.

• He couldn't concentrate in class ________ he had a severe headache.

• The tree fell ________ it was weakened by disease.

Section 3 - Result Words

• Definition: Words that indicate the outcome or effect of a cause.
• Examples:
  • "to Result from"
  • "to be the result of"
  • "as a result of"
  • "Due to"
  • "The effect of"
  • "As a consequence of"
  • "thanks to" : "The project was completed on time, thanks to careful planning and execution."

 PRACTICE

Complete the sentences using result words. Fill in the blanks with the correct option to complete the sentence.

1. The traffic was delayed ________ a major accident on the highway.

2. The new policy was implemented, ________ a significant decrease in energy consumption.

3. The team celebrated ________ winning the championship.

4. She suffered injuries ________ a fall during the hiking trip.

5. The project was completed on time, ________ careful planning and execution.